阅读园地《矽Q u a ra n+Tn eByNancyhSteinbachOuarantine is the restriction of movement in an effon to stop砸芎面r∞d of infection．It is one of the weapons being used against severe acute respiratory syndrome，orSARS．Quarantine has a long history．It began in the fourteenth century as a way to protect against diseases that sailors could spread as they traveled the world．Ships that arrived inVenice，Italy，from areas infected with bubonic plague had to stay outside the port for forty days．This separation was called quarantine．from a word inLatin that means forty．0Ifficials inFrance andItaly at that time alSO created a system that separated the general population from people thought to be infected．European officials used quarantines to stop the spread of tuberculosis and cholera in the±nineteenth and twentieth centuries．VictimsWere taken to specialhospitals built outside cities．。American0fficials have also used quarantines．0ne exiling people with leprosy to theHawaiian island offMolokai．About eight-thousand people were sent there untiHegislation banned this kind of separation in nineteen-sixty-nine．The power to quarantine an area in theU嗌i'tedStates was left to local officials until the late eighteen-hundreds．The federal government became involved when铺oiera and yellow fever struck large numbers of people．Congress approved the firstF色demlQuarantineLegislation：in eighteen— seventy-eight．Today，the responsibility for establisying quarantines is held by a government agency,theCenters forDiseaseControl andPrevention．TheUnitedStatesPublicHealthService has the power to examine people or animals suspected of carrying diseases that can be spread to others．Last monthPresidentBush added to the list of diseases that coul．}l result in quarantines．The diseases on the list include cholera，diphtheria， infectious tuberculosis，plague，smallpox，yellow fever,viral hemorrhagic fevers such asEbola—and，now。SARS．堑§z!塑i．【簋簋!!!期2桂林空军学院讲师王小刚隔离即限制活动，旨在阻止传染病的扩散，是目前抗击严重急性呼吸道综合症(SARS)所使用的一种强制措施。隔离具有悠久的历史，它始于14世纪，当时是作为一种防止海员在周游世界时可能传播疾病的方法。来自腺鼠疫区的船只在抵达意大利的威尼斯时，必须在港I=1外停留40天。这种分开被称作隔离，该词源于拉丁语中一个意为“40”的单词。在当时，法国和意大利的官员还创立了一个将大众与被认为感染的人员分开的制度。19世纪和20世纪，欧洲官员利用隔离阻止肺结核和霍乱的传播。病人被送到建在城市郊外的专门医院。美国官员也使用过隔离。比如，在1893年，天花感染了印第安纳州芒西城的许多人。武装警卫在隔离区外站岗，不允许任何人进出，违者入狱。另一个事例是将患有麻风病的病人放逐到夏威夷中部的莫洛凯岛。美国法律在1969年禁止了这种隔离做法，而在此之前，大约有8，000人被送到了这里。19世纪末以前，隔离某一个地区的权利由地方官员行使。在霍乱和黄热病感染了大量美国人的时候，美国联邦政府曾经行使过隔离权。美国国会在1878年通过了第一部联邦隔离法案。现在，美国政府机构疾病控制和预防中心负有建立隔离区的责任。美国公共卫生局有权检查被怀疑携带传染病的人员和动物。上个月，美国总统布什增加了可以实施隔离的疾病的名单。名单上的疾病包括霍乱、白喉、传染性肺结核、鼠疫、天花、黄热病、病毒性出血热(如埃博拉)和目前的严重急性呼吸道综合症(SARS)。(通讯地址：广西桂林空军学院外语教研室)

文章来源：《中华疾病控制杂志》 网址: http://www.zhjbkzzz.cn/qikandaodu/2021/0320/761.html

上一篇：猪流感知识问答
下一篇：弋舟小说集刘晓东中的存在困境探析